Tips for Teaching Your Child About Phonemes (2024)

Tips for Teaching Your Child About Phonemes (1)

Estos sencillos consejos pueden ayudarle a su hijo a cobrar conciencia de los fonemas, algo importante que le servirá bien al empezar a aprender a leer.

Como padre de un niño es probable que usted sienta que debe ayudarlo a aprender las letras del alfabeto. Al ser el fundamento de todas las palabras escritas, las letras son importantes porque son los símbolos de las pequeñas acciones que su boca hace cuando dice palabras. Sin embargo, es igualmente importante que su niño aprenda el sonido asociado a cada letra. Estos sonidos individuales se llaman fonemas, y los niños que saben algo acerca de la relación entre una letra y su fonema muestran que les hace más fácil aprender a leer.

Estos cuatro consejos inicialmente fueron escritos para los maestros, pero aquí se han adaptado para los padres.

Consejo #1: Centrarse en un sonido a la vez.

Ciertos sonidos, como /s /, / m /, /f/ son buenos sonidos para comenzar. El sonido es distinto y puede ser exagerado con facilidad. "Por favor mira la mmmmmmmmano". "¡Mira! Hay una sssssssssserpiente!" "Tienes marcadores fffffffestivos sobre la mesa". También es fácil describir cómo se hace el sonido con la boca. "Cierra la boca y los labios para hacer el sonido. Ahora pon tu mano en la garganta. ¿Sientes la vibración?" Una vez que su niño aprenda unos fonemas, le resultará más fácil seguir hablando de letras y sonidos.

Consejo #2: ¡Vuelva el aprendizaje algo inolvidable!

Diviértanse con las letras y los sonidos. Algunos gestos, como el de una boca que "se mueve y mastica" realizados con la mano pueden hacer que el sonido la /m / sea mucho más divertido. El movimiento de una "serpiente deslizándose" hecho con el brazo o la mano puede hacer más fácil el acordarse del sonido de la/s /. Los trabalenguas, también llamados palabras aliterativas, en los que el sonido en el que uno se enfoca se repite una y otra vez, también pueden ser una divertida manera de ofrecer la práctica de un sonido. ¡Haga la prueba con los siguientes, en inglés!

  • Para la M: Miss Mouse makes marvelous meatballs!
  • Para la S: Silly Sally sings songs about snakes and snails.
  • Para la F: Freddy finds fireflies with a flashlight.

Consejo #3: Ayude a su niño a escuchar los sonidos.

Una parte del aprendizaje de las letras y los sonidos es poder averiguar si una palabra contiene un sonido en particular. "¿Oímos /mmmmmmm/ en la palabra mmmmmmano? ¿Escuchamos /mmmmmmm/ en la palabra torta?" Este tipo de actividades, al realizarlas oralmente con su hijo, le pueden ayudar a empezar a tratar de escuchar y oír los sonidos en las palabras.

Consejo #4: Aplique las habilidades para identificar las letras y los sonidos a la lectura.

El poner en práctica estas habilidades con un libro es una poderosa manera de ayudar a su hijo a ver la relación entre las letras, los sonidos y las palabras. Al ir leyendo juntos, busquen lugares en el libro para señalar las letras y los sonidos en los que han estado trabajando. "¡Mira! Esta página dice 'Red fish, blue fish'." Tiene el sonido /fffffff/ con el que nos hemos estado divirtiendo. Está al principio de la palabra fish."

Estos sencillos consejos pueden ayudarle a su hijo a cobrar conciencia de los fonemas, algo importante que le servirá bien al empezar a aprender a leer.

Este Growing Reader se basó en un artículo escrito para los maestros. Para leer el artículo completo, diríjase a:

Murray, B. (2012). Tell me about Fred's fat foot again: Four tips for successful PA lessons. The Reading Teacher, 66, 139-144. Y visite el sitio web del Dr. Murray, The Reading Genie.

  • Descargue este artículo en la forma de PDF.

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Tips for Teaching Your Child About Phonemes (2024)

FAQs

Tips for Teaching Your Child About Phonemes? ›

Read books with rhymes. Teach your child rhymes, short poems, and songs. Practice the alphabet by pointing out letters wherever you see them and by reading alphabet books. Consider using computer software that focuses on developing phonological and phonemic awareness skills.

How can I help my child struggle with phonemic awareness? ›

Read books with rhymes. Teach your child rhymes, short poems, and songs. Practice the alphabet by pointing out letters wherever you see them and by reading alphabet books. Consider using computer software that focuses on developing phonological and phonemic awareness skills.

Why is it difficult for children to identify phonemes? ›

Why is awareness of phonemes. so difficult? The problem, in large measure, is that people do not attend to the sounds of phonemes as they produce or listen to speech. Instead, they process the phonemes automatically, directing their active attention to the meaning and force of the utterance as a whole.

What are the two most important phonemic awareness skills students need to know to decode? ›

Oral blending and oral segmenting are the main aspects of phonemic awareness and are very important skills to develop when learning to read and spell. Oral Blending focuses on the sounds we hear, rather than the words we see.

How do I start teaching phonemes? ›

These four tips were initially written for teachers, but have been adapted here for parents.
  1. Tip 1: Focus on one sound at a time. Certain sounds, such as /s/, /m/, /f/ are great sounds to start with. ...
  2. Tip 2: Make the learning memorable! Have fun with the letters and sounds. ...
  3. Tip 3: Help your child listen for the sounds.

Which phonemes to teach first? ›

The order you teach the initial sounds in will depend on your school and the phonics program that is used – however, the most common 6 letters to begin with are s,a,t,p,i, and n. Here's a suggestion for the rest of the sequence – m,d,g,o,c,k,e,r,u,b,h,f,l,j,w,v,x,y,z,q.

What causes poor phonemic awareness? ›

Phonological awareness difficulties (and the subset, phonemic awareness) come from language processing delays, exacerbated by the challenges of learning English. Being able to process language is one the brain's most challenging functions since natural language is lightning fast.

What are 5 phonemic awareness strategies children learn to manipulate? ›

Isolate and say the first/last/middle sound/s in a word (cat begins with the /k/ sound and ends with the /t/ sound, etc.) Blend separate sounds (phonemes) into words (/k/- /a/ - /t/ = cat) Segment words into sounds (cat = /k/- /a/ - /t/) Delete/manipulate sounds in spoken words (What is "cat" without the /k/? - "at"

How to tell if a student is struggling with phonemic awareness? ›

Children might display difficulty with:
  1. noticing rhymes, alliteration, or repetition of sounds.
  2. remembering how to pronounce new words or names; distinguishing difference(s) in similar sounding words.
  3. clapping out syllables or separating a compound word.
Jun 22, 2021

How do you master phonemes? ›

She found that students quickly master sounds when beginning with the six sounds that are easiest to hear and blend (e.g., /m/,/s/, /oo/, /sh/, /ee/, and /aw/). Once they've gotten a handle on those sounds, they're ready to begin learning ones that are more difficult (e.g., /d/, and /k/).

At what age do phonemes develop? ›

2-3 years of age- p, b, m, d, n, h, t, k, g, w, ng, f, y. 4 years of age- l, j, ch, s, v, sh, z. 5 years of age- r, zh, th (voiced) 6 years of age- th (voiceless)

What happen if children lacking phonemic awareness skills? ›

Without phoneme awareness, students may be mystified by the print system and how it represents the spoken word. Students who lack phoneme awareness may not even know what is meant by the term sound.

How do you teach phoneme manipulation? ›

Decide which sounds you'd like students to substitute: beginning, middle, or ending sound. The teacher says a spoken word or presents a picture card and asks the students to replace the beginning phoneme in the word with a new phoneme. The students have to mentally substitute the phonemes and say the new word.

What are two strategies you will use in your classroom for phonemic awareness? ›

Phoneme isolation: Isolate phonemes; for example, “Tell me the first sound in cat.” • Phoneme identity: Recognize common sounds in different words; for example, “Tell me the same sound in rug, rat, and roll.”

How do you teach phonemic awareness effectively? ›

Ask your students to repeat words with specific sounds, identify rhyming words, or generate other words that belong to the same word family. This interactive approach fosters phonemic awareness by highlighting specific phonemes and encouraging learners to play with sounds and words.

What is a phoneme in simple terms? ›

phoneme, in linguistics, smallest unit of speech distinguishing one word (or word element) from another, as the element p in “tap,” which separates that word from “tab,” “tag,” and “tan.” A phoneme may have more than one variant, called an allophone (q.v.), which functions as a single sound; for example, the p's of “ ...

What is a phoneme in simple words? ›

A phoneme is the smallest unit of sound that carries meaning. Readers use phonemes to distinguish between words. For example, the difference between ''hat'' and ''cat'' is one sound, or phoneme—the phoneme at the beginning of the words.

What is phoneme in simple words? ›

A phoneme is a sound or a group of different sounds perceived to have the same function by speakers of the language or dialect in question. An example is the English phoneme /k/, which occurs in words such as cat, kit, scat, skit.

How do you teach kids phoneme sounds? ›

Here are several ways to teach young children phonemes.
  1. Use sound analogies with flashcards that have the word and a picture. ...
  2. Pair a gesture with a sound. ...
  3. Recite an alliteration. ...
  4. Be a detective and find the phoneme in words. ...
  5. Blend phonemes together to form words and put the sounds together.
Oct 8, 2019

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